From long-lived batholith construction to giant porphyry copper deposit
Porphyry Cu ore deposits are a rare product of arc magmatism that often form spatiotemporal clusters in magmatic arcs. The petrogenetic evolution of igneous rocks that cover the temporal window prior to and during porphyry Cu deposit formation may provide critical insights into magmatic processes that are key in generating these systems. This study …
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Porphyry Deposits: The World's Largest Source of Copper
Porphyry copper deposits are generally composed of a "plug-like" igneous intrusion – a large magma body that is emplaced beneath a volcanic system. On average these deposits can have a vertical and horizontal extent of 1-2 km and can range from tens of millions to more than one billion tons in size.
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How to make porphyry copper deposits
This article explores the geologic processes that control the formation of porphyry copper deposits (PCDs), shallow level magmatic intrusions associated with subduction zones. …
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Post-collisional porphyry copper deposits in Tibet: An …
Porphyry copper deposits (PCDs) presently supply 75 % of the world's Cu, 50 % of the Mo, and 20 % of the Au. Such deposits typically occur in magmatic arcs and are genetically associated with calc-alkaline arc magmas typically formed …
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Arc magmatic evolution and porphyry copper deposit …
The Andes host the most important porphyry Cu–Mo–Au ore belts in the world (Mao et al., 2018; Sillitoe and Perelló, 2005).The deposits in these belts were formed mainly during the Cenozoic, although some smaller Jurassic–Cretaceous porphyry deposits have been discovered (Clark et al., 1990; Drobe et al., 2013; Maksaev et al., 2010; Richards et al., 2017; …
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Crustal magma oxidation state and endowments in porphyry copper deposits
Porphyry copper deposits (PCDs) supply the majority of the world's copper (Cu) as well as significant amounts of molybdenum (Mo) and gold (Au). The formation of these deposits is controlled by a variety of geological factors, among which the magmatic oxidation is one of the focuses of current research. This study investigates the redox characteristics of arc magmas …
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Porphyry Deposits: The World's Largest Source of Copper
The term "porphyry" comes from the word "porphyritic", a textural term used by geologists to describe the mineral pattern within the rocks that commonly occur in copper porphyry deposits. Porphyry copper deposits play an important role in the global economy. These deposits provide over 60% of the world's copper and include other ...
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Chapter 5 Porphyry Copper Deposits in China
Porphyry Cu deposits in China contain a total resource of ~47 million tonnes (Mt) Cu at average grades ranging mostly from 0.2 to 0.7% Cu (most <0.5% Cu), accounting for 42% of China's Cu reserves. In terms of contained Cu, 14 Cu-rich porphyry deposits are classified as giant (≥2.0 Mt Cu), and 38 are classified as intermediate (≥0.06 Mt Cu).
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(PDF) Porphyry deposits
porphyry copper deposits, such as Bingham and Bajo de la Alumbrera, sulphide deposition was primarily due to cooling of metal-rich, saline brines below 400ºC (Ulrich et al., 2001;
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Porphyry copper deposit formation in arcs: What are the odds?
This paper estimates the probability of forming a large porphyry Cu deposit in an arc magmatic system and its chances of being exposed and mined. It identifies the main steps …
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Generation of porphyry copper deposits by gas–brine …
Porphyry copper deposits, that is, copper ore associated with hydrothermal fluids rising from a magma chamber, supply 75% of the world's copper. They are typically associated with intrusions of ...
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Porphyry copper deposits of the world: database, map, and …
This report provides a database, map, and grade and tonnage models for porphyry copper deposits from around the world. It also discusses the rules, fields, and methods used in the …
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Porphyry copper formation driven by water-fluxed crustal
To explain the formation of the Laramide Porphyry Province, we propose that volatiles derived from the leading edge of the Farallon flat slab promoted melting of both mafic and felsic...
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Tectonics of copper mineralization | Nature Geoscience
Lamont et al. focus on porphyry copper deposits associated with the Laramide orogeny, which occurred between 80 and 40 million years ago in western North America, to resolve this conundrum.
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Porphyry copper deposit | Ore genesis, Hydrothermal, …
Learn about the formation, characteristics, and distribution of porphyry copper deposits, which are large bodies of rock with copper minerals. Find out how they are mined and what other minerals are produced as by-products.
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Identifying tectonic settings of porphyry copper deposits …
Porphyry Cu (±Mo ± Au) deposits (PCDs), as the most important type of ore deposits, provide nearly three-quarters of the copper, half of the molybdenum, and one-fifth of the gold, as well as other metals, such as rhenium, silver, lead and zinc (Sillitoe, 2010).Most PCDs were discovered in the magmatic arc environments related to the plate subduction, including …
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Porphyry copper deposit formation in arcs: What are the …
With the exception of younger porphyry systems that have been emplaced into older uplifted and eroded batholiths (e.g., the 158–153 Ma San Carlos–Panantza-Sutsu porphyry Cu-Mo deposits hosted by the mid-Jurassic Zamora batholith, Ecuador; Chiaradia et al., 2009b), batholithic terrains are generally unprospective for porphyry Cu deposits ...
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Porphyry copper deposit
Porphyry copper deposits are copper ore bodies that are formed from hydrothermal fluids that originate from a voluminous magma chamber several kilometers below the deposit itself.
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Porphyry Copper Systems*
Porphyry Cu systems host some of the most widely distributed mineralization types at convergent plate boundaries, including porphyry deposits centered on intrusions; skarn, carbonate-replacement, and sediment-hosted Au deposits in increasingly peripheral locations; and superjacent high- and intermediate-sulfidation epi-thermal deposits.
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Chapter 5 Porphyry Copper Deposits in China
Approximately 40% of the giant and ~65% of the intermediate porphyry Cu deposits in China occur in postcollisional settings. These deposits are mainly concentrated in the Tibetan Plateau, including four giant (e.g., …
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Porphyry copper formation driven by water-fluxed crustal
To explain the formation of the Laramide Porphyry Province, we propose that volatiles derived from the leading edge of the Farallon flat slab promoted melting of both mafic …
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Post-collisional porphyry copper deposits in Tibet: An overview
Porphyry copper deposits (PCDs) presently supply 75 % of the world's Cu, 50 % of the Mo, and 20 % of the Au. Such deposits typically occur in magmatic arcs and are …
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The Chain of Processes Forming Porphyry Copper …
This paper reviews the formation of porphyry copper deposits, which are giant geochemical anomalies in the Earth's crust with orders-of-magnitude differences in Cu, Au, …
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Porphyry copper deposit model | U.S. Geological Survey
This report contains a revised descriptive model of porphyry copper deposits (PCDs), the world's largest source (about 60 percent) and resource (about 65 percent) of copper and a major source of molybdenum, gold and silver. Despite relatively low grades (average 0.44 percent copper in 2008), PCDs have significant economic and societal impacts due to their large size (commonly …
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How to make porphyry copper deposits
Porphyry copper deposits (PCDs) represent shallow level intrusions (2–5 km) in the crust. Mineralization of Cu ores tend to occur at the tops of porphyry systems in cupolas.
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Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database, maps, and …
This publication contains a computer file of information on porphyry copper deposits around the world. It also presents new grade and tonnage models for three subtypes of …
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Porphyry copper deposit | Ore genesis, Hydrothermal, …
Porphyry copper deposit, large body of rock, typically a porphyry of granitic to dioritic composition, that has been fractured on a fine scale and through which chalcopyrite and other copper minerals are disseminated.
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Porphyry copper deposits of the world: database, map, and …
This publication contains a computer file of information on porphyry copper deposits from around the world. It also presents new grade and tonnage models for porphyry copper deposits and for three subtypes of porphyry copper deposits and a map showing the location of all deposits.
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Porphyry Deposits: The World's Largest Source of Copper
Porphyry copper deposits are generally composed of a "plug-like" igneous intrusion – a large magma body that is emplaced beneath a volcanic system. On average these …
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Supergiant porphyry copper deposits are failed large …
Porphyry copper deposits, the principal source of copper and molybdenum, form at convergent margins. Copper is precipitated from fluids associated with cooling magmas that have formed in the ...
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